變速箱的設(shè)計(jì)

Design of gearbox

航空發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)風(fēng)扇變速箱設(shè)計(jì)：航空變速箱通常用作附件。在渦輪噴氣發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)中，如螺旋槳式風(fēng)扇、敞開式轉(zhuǎn)子和渦輪風(fēng)扇，變速箱是直列的，并且與附件變速箱不同。本文的目的是設(shè)計(jì)一種用于航空渦輪噴氣發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的變速箱。在研究了齒輪發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)之后，選定的將是渦扇發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。比較有助于選擇設(shè)計(jì)參數(shù)，例如齒輪、軸承或聯(lián)軸器的類型。

Aircraft engine fan gearbox design: Aircraft gearboxes are commonly used as accessories. In turbojet engines, such as propeller fans, open rotors, and turbofans, the gearbox is inline and different from the accessory gearbox. The purpose of this article is to design a gearbox for aviation turbojet engines. After studying gear engines, the selected engine will be a turbofan engine. Comparison is helpful in selecting design parameters, such as the type of gear, bearing, or coupling.

一旦選擇了發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，就根據(jù)該發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的功率和轉(zhuǎn)速進(jìn)行齒輪的設(shè)計(jì)。該設(shè)計(jì)使用英國標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ISO 6336 [正齒輪和斜齒輪的負(fù)載能力的計(jì)算] 以及用于機(jī)械工程應(yīng)用的 KISSsoft 設(shè)計(jì)軟件進(jìn)行。齒輪設(shè)計(jì)與軸承設(shè)計(jì)平行。軸承設(shè)計(jì)基于摩擦學(xué)計(jì)算和 KISSsoft 軟件。基于現(xiàn)有的航空發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)變速箱，已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了多種設(shè)計(jì)。選擇了設(shè)計(jì)之后，便會(huì)計(jì)算出花鍵安裝系統(tǒng)，并根據(jù)疲勞計(jì)算來設(shè)計(jì)軸。該設(shè)計(jì)基于聯(lián)軸器的選擇以及用于風(fēng)扇軸和低壓（LP）壓縮機(jī) / 渦輪軸的軸承的 SKF4 計(jì)算得出結(jié)論。最后介紹了潤滑系統(tǒng)。

Once the engine is selected, the gear design is based on its power and speed. This design was carried out using the British standard ISO 6336 [Calculation of Load Capacity for spur and helical gears] and KISSSsoft design software for mechanical engineering applications. Gear design is parallel to bearing design. The bearing design is based on frictional calculations and KISSSsoft software. Based on the existing aircraft engine gearbox, various designs have been carried out. After selecting the design, the spline installation system will be calculated and the shaft will be designed based on fatigue calculations. The design is based on the selection of couplings and SKF4 calculations for bearings used in fan shafts and low-pressure (LP) compressor/turbine shafts. Finally, the lubrication system was introduced.

變速箱的故障診斷

Fault diagnosis of gearbox

基于自適應(yīng)降噪器的高斯參考信號(hào)技術(shù)：變速箱齒輪故障信號(hào)的振動(dòng)信號(hào)是信息性組件，可用于變速箱故障診斷和早期故障檢測。但是，振動(dòng)信號(hào)通常是非線性且不穩(wěn)定的，并且它們包含由數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)和其他機(jī)械元件的干擾引起的背景噪聲。

Gaussian reference signal technology based on adaptive noise reducer: The vibration signal of gearbox gear fault signal is an informative component that can be used for gearbox fault diagnosis and early fault detection. However, vibration signals are usually nonlinear and unstable, and they contain background noise caused by interference from data acquisition systems and other mechanical components.

本文提出了一種基于自適應(yīng)降噪器的高斯參考信號(hào)（ANR-GRS）技術(shù)的新型變速箱故障診斷方法，該方法可從一對一的多類支持向量機(jī)（OAOMCSVM）顯著降低噪聲并改善分類。變速箱的故障類型。ANR-GRS 處理軸的轉(zhuǎn)速，以訪問和消除沿振動(dòng)信號(hào)頻譜在兩個(gè)連續(xù)邊帶頻率之間的窄帶中的窄帶中的噪聲分量，從而可以消除巨大的噪聲分量，并且對信息信號(hào)的失真最小。然后將來自 ANR-GRS 的最佳輸出信號(hào)提取到許多信號(hào)特征向量中，以生成合格的分類數(shù)據(jù)集。最后，OAOMCSVM 使用提取的特征數(shù)據(jù)集對實(shí)驗(yàn)變速箱的健康狀態(tài)進(jìn)行分類。

This article proposes a novel gearbox fault diagnosis method based on adaptive denoising Gaussian reference signal (ANR-GRS) technology, which can significantly reduce noise and improve classification from one-to-one multi class support vector machine (OAOMCSVM). Types of gearbox faults. ANR-GRS processes the rotational speed of the shaft to access and eliminate noise components in the narrowband between two consecutive sideband frequencies along the vibration signal spectrum, thereby eliminating significant noise components and minimizing distortion of the information signal. Then extract the optimal output signal from ANR-GRS into many signal feature vectors to generate a qualified classification dataset. Finally, OAOMCSVM uses the extracted feature dataset to classify the health status of the experimental gearbox.

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